Ingufu zingana iki imashini ikoresha imirasire y'izuba ya watt 120 izatanga?

 

1) Icyo "Watts 120" bisobanura mu by'ukuri

Inyinshi mu mpano z'izuba zifite amanota angana naSTC (Ibipimo Bisanzwe by'Ibizamini): 1000 W/m² imirasire, ubushyuhe bwa selile ya 25°C, na spectrum ikwiye. Mu rwego rwo gukora, imiterere y'ikirere iba gake cyane.

Itegeko ryiza ku gikoresho cyiza gishobora gupfunyika cya 120W:

• Ingufu zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu gihe nyacyo:~70–100Wmu zuba ryinshi (amanywa y'ihangu asukuye, inguni nziza)
• Ingero nziza kurusha izindi:ushobora kubona muri make110–120Whamwe n'uburyo butunganye kandi ubushyuhe bukonje
• Imiterere mibi: 10–60Wmu kirere cy'ibicucu, igicucu gito, cyangwa inguni mbi

Ubushyuhe ni ingenzi kurusha uko abantu benshi babyiteze. Uko uturemangingo tw’izuba dushyuha, amashanyarazi aragabanuka. Uduce twinshi dufite igipimo cy’ubushyuhe hafi ya two-0.3% kugeza -0.4% kuri °C(bitandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'uturemangingo). Ku munsi w'ubushyuhe, ibyo bishobora gukata ingufu zigaragara hejuru ndetse no ku zuba ryinshi.

2) Ingufu za buri munsi: Hindura Watts muri Watt-Hours

Icyo ushobora kwirukamo giterwaingufu ku munsi, bipimirwa mu masaha ya watt (Wh). Igereranya ryoroshye:

Wh ya buri munsi ≈ Watts za Panel × Amasaha yo ku Cyumweru cy'Izuba × Imikorere myiza ya sisitemu

Imikorere myiza isanzwe ya sisitemu (controller + insinga + igihombo cyo guhindura) ku mirasire y'izuba igendanwa akenshi iba70–85%.

Ingero z'ibintu byakorwa kuri module y'izuba ya 120W ifunze:

• Umunsi mwiza w'impeshyi (amasaha 5 y'izuba ryinshi):
  120W × 5h × 0.8 ≈480Wh/umunsi
• Imiterere isanzwe (amasaha 3.5 y'izuba rikabije):
  120W × 3.5h × 0.8 ≈336Wh/umunsi
• Ibicu/ibihe by'amacuba (amasaha abiri y'izuba ryinshi):
  120W × Amasaha 2 × 0.8 ≈192Wh/umunsi

Rero mu ngendo nyinshi nyazo, tegereza hafi200–500Wh ku munsibitewe n'aho uherereye n'ikirere.

3) Ni iki gishobora gutuma ubwo bubasha bushoboka?

Dore ingero zifatika zikoresha~350Wh/umunsink'umusaruro wo hagati:

• Gushaja telefoni (10–15Wh kuri buri shaja yuzuye):~Amafaranga 20–30
• Ibinini (25–35Wh):~Amafaranga 10–14
• Mudasobwa igendanwa (50–80Wh):~Amafaranga 4–6
• Firigo ya compressor ya 12V (isanzwe ikoresha 300–700Wh/umunsi bitewe n'ubushyuhe n'igihe cy'akazi):
  Agakoresho ka 120W gashobora gutwikiraigiceyo gukoresha buri munsi, kandi ishobora kuyitwikira neza mu gihe cy'ikirere gito n'izuba ryiza—cyane cyane iyo ihujwe n'ububiko buhagije bwa batiri.

Ku bikoresho bya AC, ibuka ko inverter yongera igihombo. Gukoresha igikoresho cya 60W mu gihe cy'amasaha 5 ni300Wh, ariko teganya hafi330–360Whnyuma y'uko inverter idakora neza.

4) Impamvu Moduli Zishobora Gupfunyika Zikunze Gukora Ibitandukanye n'Izikomeye

A Ingufu z'izuba zipfunyika za 120WYakozwe kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza, ntabwo ari ingenzi cyane ku gisenge. Ibintu by'ingenzi bifitanye isano n'imikorere ugomba kureba:

• Utunyangingo dukora neza cyane:paneli nyinshi zigezweho zigendanwa zikoresha uturemangingo twa mono hirya no hino20–23%imikorere myiza, bifasha mu buso buto.
• Ubwoko bw'umugenzuzi: MPPTakenshi yunguka ingufu nyinshi kurusha PWM, akenshiInyungu 10–25%mu gihe cy'ubukonje cyangwa iyo voltage y'imashini iri hejuru cyane kurusha voltage ya bateri.
• Guhindura inguni:Kureba aho ibintu biherereye bishobora kunoza umusaruro mu buryo bworoshye binyuze mu20–40%ugereranije no kuyishyira hasi.
• Kwihanganira igicucu:ndetse n'igicucu gito gishobora kugabanya imbaraga cyane. Udupapuro dufite imiterere y'imigozi dushobora kuba twihariye kurushaho, ariko igicucu gihora ari ikintu gikomeye.

5) Urutonde rw'abaguzi bihuse

Kugira ngo ukore gahunda yo kugura yizewe:

• Hitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gusohora:MC4ku byuma bitanga ingufu z'izuba/ibigenzura; USB-C PD niba ushyira charge ku bikoresho mu buryo butaziguye.
• Koresha insinga ngufi kandi nini kugira ngo ugabanye igabanuka ry'amashanyarazi (cyane cyane ku mapine ya 12–20V).
• Bateri ihuzwa n'izuba: imirasire y'izuba irahindagurika; ububiko butuma ikoreshwa neza.
• Shyira imbere inguni n'aho iherereye: komeza ubyinjizemo igicucu hanyuma wongere ubishyiremo inshuro 2-3 ku munsi kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza.

Umurongo w'ingenzi

Imashini ikoresha imirasire y'izuba ya 120W ishobora gukorakugeza kuri 120Wmu bihe byiza, ariko abakoresha benshi bagomba kwitega70–100Wmu gihe cy'izuba ryinshi ndetse no hafi200–500Wh ku munsibitewe n'amasaha y'izuba ryinshi n'igihombo cya sisitemu. Uramutse umbwiye aho uherereye/igihe cyawe, icyo ushaka gukoresha (firigo, mudasobwa igendanwa, icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi), n'uko uzakoresha MPPT, nshobora gupima neza ingufu zawe za buri munsi no kukugira inama niba 120W ihagije cyangwa niba ugomba kongera ingano.